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Of Dollars And Data
Of Dollars And DataNick Maggiulli

Which Graduate Degrees Are the Best Investment? (Why I Skipped My MBA)

TL;DR

Most MBA programs have a negative return on investment, especially for high earners, and following your interests is the best career investment.

At 27, the author earned six figures but felt stuck. Considering an MBA, he checked the data and balked: post-MBA salaries weren't much higher, and he'd pay $150k and lose two years of income.

The counterfactual: could you earn more without the MBA?

The key question is the counterfactual: what would you earn without the degree? Comparing similar people, MBA grads earn a median of $88k at 45, while non-grads earn $83k—a tiny $5k gap. 64% of MBA programs have negative ROI.

High earners benefit less due to high opportunity costs, while low earners (e.g., $60k) gain hugely from top programs.

High-ROI professional degrees

Law, medicine, dentistry pay off: 40% of medical and 20% of law degrees yield lifetime ROI over $1M. Non-STEM doctorates: 81% negative; education doctorates: 84% negative.

AI shifts the calculus

AI might boost degree ROI by undercutting entry-level work and lowering counterfactual earnings. But interest remains key; without it, high pay feels pointless.

The author skipped the MBA, started a blog, and now earns well and finds fulfillment. Readers say his writing helped them make big financial decisions—worth more than money. Data can't tell you your interests, but it can tell you their cost. Doing what you love is the best investment.

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All posts from that day2026-09-01 · 21 in total